Opinion Microsoft's Windows Server 2012
is out. For many systems administrators, the question about this latest
iteration of Microsoft's server family is not "What's new?" but "Why
care?"
Server 2008 R2 is a great operating system, while Server 2012 bears the stigma of Metro and the Windows 8 controversy. But the answer to "why care" is simple: Server 2012 is as big a leap over 2008 R2 as 2008 R2 was over 2003.
Server 2012 comes with some great new features. It also refines
previous versions of Server to bring it past the "never use version 1.0"
stage and up to parity, in features and stability, with competing
offerings.
In short Windows Server 2012 kicks ass. Here are the top 10 reasons why.
10. IIS 8
IIS 8
brings Internet Information Services up to feature parity with the rest
of the world, and surpasses it in places. More than a decade's worth of
"you use Windows as your web server" jokes officially end here.
IIS
8 sports script precompilation, granular process throttling, SNI
support and centralised certificate management. Add in a FTP server that
finally, mercifully, doesn't suck (it even has functional login
restrictions) and IIS 8 becomes worth the cost of the operating system
on its own.
9. PowerShell
PowerShell 3.0
is an evolution rather than a revolution. Having more PowerShell
scriptlets is not normally something I would care about. That said, the
2012 line of products marks a revolution in Microsoft's approach to
server management.
Every element of the operating system and
virtually every other companion server, such as SQL, Exchange or Lync,
are completely manageable through PowerShell. This is so ingrained that
the GUIs are just buttons that call PowerShell scripts underneath.
PowerShell
should be tops on this list but to make proper use of it, your
Google-fu has to be strong. The official documentation is incomplete,
Bing is still worthless for searching Microsoft's web estate and the
golden examples for making use of PowerShell lie in the blogs maintained
by Microsoft's staff.
Once you have assembled the list of
scriptlets you need – printed, laminated and guarded by a fire elemental
as in days of old – you can make the 2012 stack of Microsoft software
sing. Thanks to PowerShell, Microsoft is ready to take on all comers at
any scale.
8. DirectAccess
DirectAccess
was a neat idea but it was poorly implemented in previous versions of
Windows. Server 2012 makes it easier to use, with SSL as the default
configuration and IPSec as an option. The rigid dependence on IPv6 has
also been removed.
DirectAccess has evolved into a reasonable, reliable and easy-to-use replacement for virtual private networks.
7. Cluster Shared Volumes
With Server 2012
Cluster Shared Volumes
are officially supported for use beyond hosting virtual hard disks for
Hyper-V. You may now roll your own highly available multi-node
replicated storage cluster and do so with a proper fistful of
best-practice documentation.
6. Deduplication
For years now,
storage demand has been growing faster than
hard drive density.
Meeting our voracious appetite for data storage has meant more and more
spindles, and more controllers, chassis, power supplies, electricity
and cooling to keep those spindles spinning.
Deduplication has
moved from nice to have to absolute must in recent years and Microsoft has taken notice.
Server 2012 supports deduplication on NTFS volumes – though tragically it does not work with CSV – and deeply integrates it with BranchCache to save on WAN bandwidth.
5. Hyper-V 3.0
Server
2012 sees Hyper-V catch up with VMware's mainstream. While objectively I
would have to say that VMware retains the feature lead at the top end,
when combined with System Center 2012,
Hyper-V 3.0 will cheerfully handle two-sigma worth of use cases.
Microsoft
is no longer an also-ran in the virtualisation space; it is a capable
and voracious predator stalking the wilds of the data centre for new
prey.
Microsoft's Hyper-V Server – a free Windows Core version of
Hyper-V – is feature complete. If you have a yen to dive into PowerShell
then you can run a complete 64-node, 8,000 virtual machine Hyper-V
cluster without paying Microsoft a dime.
It takes a very special
kind of masochist to do so – Microsoft is betting you will spend the
money on System Center 2012 and it is probably right.
System Center 2012 is amazing, even more so with the
newly launched Service Pack 1.
Microsoft's
focus on PowerShell and its decision to put price pressure on VMware
with Hyper-V server has opened up a market for third-party management
tools such as
5Nine.
These are not nearly as capable as System Center, but offer a great
mid-point between free and impossible to manage and awesome but too
expensive. This emerging ecosystem should see Hyper-V's market share
explode.
4. Hyper-V Replica
Hyper-V Replica
is a storage technology designed to continuously replicate your virtual
machines across to a backup cluster. It ensures that snapshots no more
than 15 minutes old of your critical virtual machines are available over
any network link, including the internet.
It replicates the
initial snapshot in full – after that it sends only change blocks – and
it fully supports versioning of your virtual machines.
3. iSCSI
With
Windows Storage Server 2008, Microsoft first made an iSCSI target
available. It eventually became an optional download from Microsoft's
website for Server 2008 R2 and is now finally integrated into Server
2012 as a
core component.
2. NFS 4.1
Microsoft's
NFS 4.1
server is good code. Designed from the ground up it is is fast, stable
and reliable. It makes a great storage system for heterogenous
environments and a wonderful network storage point for VMware servers.
1. SMB 3.0
SMB 3.0 is the crown jewel of Server 2012. It is
far removed from its laughingstock predecessor
CIFS.
It supports multiple simultaneous network interfaces – including the
ability to hot-plug new interfaces on the fly to increase bandwidth for
large or complex transfers – and supports MPIO, thin provisioning of
volumes and deduplication (assuming the underlying storage is NTFS).
SMB
3.0 also supports SMB Direct and remote direct memory access, the
ability for appropriately kitted systems to move SMB data directly from
one system's memory to the other, bypassing the SMB stack. This has
enabled Microsoft to hit 16GBps transfer rates for SMB 3.0, a weighty
gauntlet for any potential challenger to raise.
I have found
Server 2012 to be worth the cost of the upgrade, even where I have the
excellent Server 2008 R2 deployed. Given that I work with very limited
IT budgets, that is a strong endorsement.
If you have also taken the plunge, please share your take in the comments below