Wednesday, December 21, 2011

How MX Records Work

What is an MX record?
When your domain is registered, it’s assigned several DNS records, which enable it to be located on the Internet. These include MX records, which direct the domain’s mail flow. Each MX record points to an email server that’s configured to process mail for that domain. There’s typically one record that points to a primary server, then additional records that point to one or more backup servers. For users to send and receive email, their domain's MX records must point to a server that can process their mail.
 
Where are my MX records?
Your authoritative MX records are on your DNS provider's server. When you change the MX record on your DNS provider, other servers will make copies of these updated MX records over time.
 
How can I see my MX records?
 
How do I update my MX records?
 
Why should I update MX records?
For the message security service to work, we need you to route your mail to us. When you update your MX records, we accept your mail, filter out the bad mail, and pass the good mail on to your server.
 
When should I update my MX records?
If you're adding more domains later on, update your MX records after you've added the domain in the Administration Console. Until your domain is set up in the Administration Console, mail will bounce if you update your MX records.
 
What's the format of an MX record?
Name: The name of your domain.
Class: This is always set to IN, which stands for Internet.
Type: For MX records, this is always set to MX.
TTL: "Time to Live." How long it will take to update the record. This is measured in seconds. A TTL of 3600 seconds means records will take an hour to update. A TTL of 86400 means records will take a day to update. A higher TTL value means less traffic load for the DNS server, but it also means that changing the MX records will take longer.
Preference or Priority: The order of preference for mail delivery. Sending servers should try the lowest preference number first, then the next lowest, and so on.
Data: The host name of the mail server that handles mail for that domain.
jumboinc.com. IN MX 86400 1 jumboinc.com.s7a1.psmtp.com.
jumboinc.com. IN MX 86400 2 jumboinc.com.s7a2.psmtp.com.
jumboinc.com. IN MX 86400 3 jumboinc.com.s7b1.psmtp.com.
jumboinc.com. IN MX 86400 4 jumboinc.com.s7b2.psmtp.com.
Every DNS host has a different user interface for MX records. Some use a trailing period and some don't. Some allow you to set your TTL and some won't. Our instructions include information for most common MX hosts, but yours may be different. If you're not sure what to enter, use the same format as your existing MX records. Be sure that the message security service MX records have the first priority; the exact numbers don't matter as long as the message security service MX records are the first. If your DNS server allows fewer than 4 records, enter as many as you can.
 
Why do I need four separate MX records?
We use redundant MX records as a backup in case any problem occurs. They give our network more flexibility if any changes to architecture are necessary.
 
Should I update A records when routing mail to the message security service?
 
Can I keep MX records pointed directly to my mail server as a backup?
Yes. If you want to keep a direct MX record for your mail server as a backup, you can, but be sure to leave it at the lowest priority, after all four psmtp.com records. Leaving your own mail server in the MX records should be a temporary backup measure, because spammers sometimes try to bypass the service and connect directly to your mail server using your backup MX records. Once your mail is flowing through the message security service successfully, consider changing your MX records to remove this backup.
 
How long do MX record updates take?
MX record updates are not immediate. After you've updated your MX records, it will take a while for every sender to use the new MX records. Your original TTL setting determines how long (in seconds) this will take. Changing the TTL setting won't speed this up.
 
Will I lose mail after changing MX records?
No. As long as you enter the MX records correctly, you won't lose any MX records. While your MX records are changing over, some mail will be delivered using your old MX information, and some mail will be delivered using your new MX information, but all of it will be delivered.
 
What happens if I type the wrong information into the MX record?
If you type the incorrect delivery information in the MX record, some mail will bounce. The sender will receive a notice that the mail wasn't delivered. If this happens, correct the MX records as soon as possible. Some mail may still bounce for a period of time (up to the length of the new TTL setting), but the sooner you update the MX records to the correct setting, the fewer messages will bounce.
 
What happens when I update my MX records?
Once you update your MX records, mail will start flowing through the message security service. After your old previous TTL (in seconds) has expired, all your mail flows through the message security service. When your mail flows through the service, mail is bounced from IP addresses known to be a major source of spam attacks or viruses. Also, if you have Non-Account Virus Blocking, mail to users will be filtered for viruses as well. You'll get complete mail filtering after you've added your users.
 
How can I tell if the MX update worked?
Send a test message from an outside address, then view the full headers. The full headers are about 20-50 lines of text. If the headers include the word "psmtp.com" then the mail flowed through the message security service.

No comments:

Explaining DNS Concepts - DNS Servers-DNS Queries-DNS Records

3 types of DNS queries— recursive, iterative, and non-recursive 3 types of DNS servers— DNS Resolver, DNS Root Server and Authoritative Name...